The interpretation timeline

1Tim 4:14

How this passage has been read — the sources, oldest to newest.

From the early Church Fathers to now.

4 Patristic · 1 Orthodox · 1 Catholic

1Tim 4:14 · Douay-Rheims
“Neglect not the grace that is in thee, which was given thee by prophesy, with imposition of the hands of the priesthood.”
Patristic before A.D. 750
407
A.D.
John Chrysostom Patristic
A.D. 347–407
“If you are willing, you will have more success with each other than we can have. For you both are with one another for a longer time, and you know more than we of each other's affairs. Further, you are not ignorant of each other's failings, and you have more freedom of speech, and love and intimacy. These are no small advantages for teaching but great and opportune moments for it. You will be more able than we both to reprove and exhort. And not this only, but because I am but one, whereas you are many; and you will be able, however many, to be teachers. Therefore I entreat you, do not "neglect this gift."”
Source
407
A.D.
John Chrysostom Patristic
A.D. 347–407
“"Neglect not the gift that is in thee, which was given thee by prophecy." Here he calls teaching prophecy. "With the laying on of the hands of the presbytery." He speaks not here of Presbyters, but of Bishops. For Presbyters cannot be supposed to have ordained a Bishop.”
420
A.D.
Jerome Patristic
c. A.D. 347–420
“The apostle clearly teaches that presbyters are the same as bishops.… Writing to Titus the apostle says, "For this cause I left you in Crete, that you should set in order the things that are wanting, and appoint presbyters in every city, as I had instructed. If any be blameless, the husband of one wife, having believing children not accused of wantonness or unruly. For a bishop must be blameless as the steward of God." And to Timothy he says, "Neglect not the gift of prophecy that is in you, which was given you through the laying on of hands of the presbytery."”
Source
428
A.D.
Theodore of Mopsuestia Patristic
c. A.D. 350–428
“Those whom he calls presbyters in this passage are not those whom we now call by that name—Paul does not usually allow to presbyters as such the power of ordination by the laying on of hands. Rather he says that the gathering of the apostles was present with him when he laid hands in his ordination. He calls this the "council of presbyters" as a designation of honor. It is in accordance with this custom that at the ordination of a bishop not one, but the multitude of bishops present, implement the ordination.”
Source
698 years pass — nothing from this stretch is hosted yet
Scholastic c. 1100 – 1500
1126
A.D.
Theophylact of Ohrid Orthodox
c. 1055–1107
“Here the apostle speaks of the gift of teaching, which the chosen bishop received. "By prophecy," that is, by the command of the Holy Spirit, as was said above. That is, of bishops. For it was not priests who ordained a bishop. See what amazing power the laying on of priestly hands has.”
1274
A.D.
Thomas Aquinas Catholic
1225–1274
“Then when he says, do not neglect, he gives the reason for this advice: first, the cause from the gift received; second, the cause from the reward expected, at take heed to yourself. In regard to the first he does two things: first, he gives the reason; second, he shows how that which is contained in the reason can be fulfilled, at meditate upon these things. He says, therefore: do not neglect the grace that is in you. As if to say: yes, take heed, because one who receives grace should not be negligent in using it; rather, it should bear fruit. The servant who hid his master's money in the earth is punished for negligence (Matt 25:24). Therefore, do not neglect the grace that is in you. By this we are to understand the episcopal dignity or the gift of knowledge or prophecy or miracles; none of which should be neglected: do not receive the grace of God in vain (2 Cor 6:1). I say, the grace which was given to you by prophecy, i.e., by divine inspiration. For in the early Church where elections were conducted honestly and for the honor of God, no one was chosen for the bishop's office except by divine choice, as Ambrose and Nicholas were chosen. And he calls this inspiration prophecy. Hence a Gloss says: they were chosen by the saints, because the saints chose only those they know had been chosen by God. And the Apostle foresaw that this would be beneficial to the Church: when prophecy should fail, i.e., this manner of choosing, the people shall be scattered abroad (Prov 29:18). But how was this grace received? With the imposition of the hand of the priest, where another version has of the hands of the priesthood. But, as has been stated, the names priest and bishop were interchangeable; because priests and bishops were established by the imposition of hands: take Josue and put your hand upon him (Num 27:18). The Lord also put his hands upon children (Matt 19:15); and the apostles upon the seven deacons (Acts 6:6). That is why hands are imposed upon those who are to be ordained bishops. But a question arises here: since a bishop ought to be ordained by three, why does he say here, of the priest, in the singular? I answer that he says this because even more than one are present, one is the chief and the others assistants. Yet it can be said that this constitution was not in vogue then, either because there were few bishops or because all of them could not be assembled. Another version has of the priesthood, i.e., of those who imposed hands not as men but as priests. And this imposition signifies the conferring of grace: not that the ministers give grace, but that they signify the grace given by Christ. Hence it is given by those who are Christ's ministers; that is why he says, of the priesthood, or of the priest: because there is one imposition of hands performed by deacons and another by priests.”
Source
Modern · 1953 →

The in-app commentary runs from the Fathers to the early-modern record, then stops — that's where the public-domain sources end, not where the reading does. For the modern reading, follow the sources directly.