Paterius
Patristic
d. A.D. 606
“By heavens he means the order of the clergy and by earth the people subject to them. For "Listen, O heavens, and I shall speak" was addressed not to insensible but to rational creation.”
The interpretation timeline
Deut 32:1
How this passage has been read — the sources, oldest to newest.
From the early Church Fathers to now.
Deut 32:1 · Douay-Rheims
“Hear, O ye heavens, the things I speak, let the earth give ear to the words of my mouth.”
Patristic
before A.D. 750
606
A.D.
Modern · 1953 →
The in-app commentary runs from the Fathers to the early-modern record, then stops — that's where the public-domain sources end, not where the reading does. For the modern reading, follow the sources directly.