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The interpretation timeline

Exod 32:4

How this passage has been read — the sources, oldest to newest.

From the early Church Fathers to now.

Exod 32:4 · Douay-Rheims
“And when he had received them, he fashioned them by founders’ work, and made of them a molten calf. And they said: These are thy gods, O Israel, that have brought thee out of the land of Egypt.”
Patristic before A.D. 750
523
A.D.
Philoxenus of Mabbug Patristic
c. A.D. 450–523
“Now this is the first lust which conquered the world, and because of it the first transgression of the law took place. It destroyed the people in the wilderness by penalties of all kinds; from the table of lust they rose up and worshipped a dead calf. Incited thereby they were ungrateful for all the acts of grace which had been shewn unto them.”
Source
Modern · 1953 →

The in-app commentary runs from the Fathers to the early-modern record, then stops — that's where the public-domain sources end, not where the reading does. For the modern reading, follow the sources directly.