The interpretation timeline

Isa 52:15

How this passage has been read — the sources, oldest to newest.

From the early Church Fathers to now.

5 Patristic · 1 Medieval · 2 Jewish · 1 Catholic

Patristic before A.D. 750
165
A.D.
Justin Martyr
A.D. 100–165
“And we have not in vain believed in Him, and have not been led astray by those who taught us such doctrines; but this has come to pass through the wonderful foreknowledge of God, in order that we, through the calling of the new and eternal covenant, that is, of Christ, might be found more intelligent and God-fearing than yourselves, who are considered to be lovers of God and men of understanding, but are not. Isaiah, filled with admiration of this, said: "And kings shall shut their mouths: for those to whom no announcement has been made in regard to Him shall see; and those who heard not shall understand. Lord, who hath believed our report? and to whom is the arm of the Lord revealed?"”
255 years pass — nothing from this stretch is hosted yet
420
A.D.
Jerome
c. A.D. 347–420
“For they had the Lord as trailblazer who gathered them, the God of Israel to make one flock from the whole earth, to fulfill what the Lord said in the Gospel to his Father, "Grant that just as I and you are one, so they also may be one in us," as they in one mind and one opinion, rebutting vices and leaving behind disagreements among them, would grasp one unique virtue. For they do not run after vices and disputes, since here it only speaks about their virtues in which there is neither too much nor too little, but all is moderate.”
420
A.D.
Jerome
c. A.D. 347–420
“(Verse 15.) He shall sprinkle many nations; kings shall shut their mouths at him: for that which had not been told them shall they see; and that which they had not heard shall they consider. LXX: So many nations will be amazed at him, and kings will shut their mouths because of him. For they will see what was not proclaimed to them, and they will understand what they had not heard. He shall sprinkle many nations, purifying them with his own blood and consecrating them in the baptism of God's service. Kings themselves will hold their mouths in check, and rulers of the world whose wisdom has been overthrown by the preaching of the cross; and those who had no Law and Prophets, and to whom he had not been proclaimed, will see and understand. Of whom the Savior also speaks: Blessed are those who have not seen and have believed (John 20:29). In comparison to them, the hardness of the Jews is reproved, who, seeing and hearing, have fulfilled Isaiah's prophecy in themselves, saying: 'You will indeed hear but never understand, and you will indeed see but never perceive. For this people's heart has grown dull, and with their ears they can barely hear' (Isaiah 6:9-10).”
430
A.D.
Augustine of Hippo
A.D. 354–430
“The Word, joined to human flesh, came forth from the virgin womb and has now strode forth like a giant and has run his course, and his exit was from the highest heaven and his return to the height of heaven. Now he has been exalted and honored, and many nations now marvel at him, and the kings stop their mouths because they have passed the cruelest laws against Christians. For, indeed, they were not told about him. Now they see, and though they did not hear, now they understand.”
457
A.D.
Theodoret of Cyrus
c. A.D. 393–457
“For not all believed, but those who did believe admired to the highest point the mystery of piety. "And kings shall keep their mouths shut." At the manifest demonstration of God's power, those who formerly persecuted him and had dared to blaspheme will restrain their tongues from slander. Then he adds in a clearer vein: "For they to whom no report was brought concerning him shall see; and they who have not heard shall consider." For those who did not receive the prophetic predictions, but who served idols, will see, thanks to the heralds of truth, the might of him who was proclaimed to them, and they will know his power. After the predictions concerning the Gentiles, he also prophesies the incredulity of the Jews.”
393 years pass — nothing from this stretch is hosted yet
Medieval c. 750 – 1100
850
A.D.
255 years pass — nothing from this stretch is hosted yet
Scholastic c. 1100 – 1500
1105
A.D.
Rashi
1040–1105
“So shall he cast down many nations So now, even he his hand will become powerful, and he will cast down the horns of the nations who scattered him. shall shut Heb. יִקְפְּצוּ. They shall shut their mouths out of great bewilderment. for honor. what had not been told them concerning any man, they saw in him. they gazed Heb. הִתְבּוֹנָנוּ, they gazed.”
1167
A.D.
Ibn Ezra
1089–1167
“So shall he sprinkle many nations, etc. This verse is the explanation of the words he will be high and exalted. As it was true that his form was destroyed in the sight of those that saw him, so truly will come the time when their oppressors will be punished. יזה He will sprinkle the blood of many nations. Then kings shall shut their mouths at him. בשבילו═עליו for him. That which had not been told them, they have seen. They, the heathen peoples, could not believe that Israel would ever be delivered.”
1274
A.D.
Thomas Aquinas
1225–1274
“Second, he foretells liberation as to the remission of sins: he shall sprinkle, with the sprinkling of his blood (1 Pet 1:2), and the water of baptism: having our hearts sprinkled from an evil conscience and our bodies washed with clean water (Heb 10:22); as to the veneration of him: kings shall shut their mouth at him, silent, to listen, not presuming to discuss his secrets: the princes ceased to speak (Job 29:9); and as to the knowledge of truth: for they to whom, namely, the gentiles, it was not told of him, by the prophets, have seen, in their hearts, and they that heard not, him preaching in person, below: behold me, to nations that did not know me and that did not call upon my name (Isa 65:1).”
Modern · 1953 →

The in-app commentary runs from the Fathers to the early-modern record, then stops — that's where the public-domain sources end, not where the reading does. For the modern reading, follow the sources directly.