The interpretation timeline

Matt 23:37

How this passage has been read — the sources, oldest to newest.

From the early Church Fathers to now.

12 Patristic witnesses · 1 Medieval witness

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Patristic before A.D. 750
Origen · c. A.D. 184–253 A.D. 253
“He calls them children of Jerusalem, just as we call each generation of citizens the sons of the preceding generation. And He says, How often, though it is well known that once only did He teach the Jews in the body, because Christ was ever present in Moses, and in the Prophets, and in the Angels, ministering to human salvation in every generation. Whosoever shall not have been gathered in by Him shall be judged, as though he had refused to be gathered in.”
Catena Aurea: Gospel of Matthew, as excerpted in the Catena Aurea on Matthew 23:37-39 PD · J. H. Newman (Oxford, 1841) ↗
Origen · c. A.D. 184–253 A.D. 253
“In like manner to all such as would not be gathered under His wings Christ speaks this threat; Behold, your house is left unto you desolate; i. e. your soul and your body. But if any one of you will not be gathered under the wings of Christ, from the very time when he shall have refused to be so gathered, (by a mental rather than a bodily act,) he shall no more see the beauty of the word, till repenting of his evil purpose he shall say, Blessed is He that cometh in the name of the Lord. And the word of the Lord then comes with a blessing upon a man’s heart, when one is turned to God.”
Catena Aurea: Gospel of Matthew, as excerpted in the Catena Aurea on Matthew 23:37-39 PD · J. H. Newman (Oxford, 1841) ↗
154 years pass — nothing from this stretch is hosted yet
John Chrysostom · A.D. 347–407 A.D. 407
“Having thus addressed her, and spoken of her cruel murders, He said, as justifying Himself, How often would I have gathered thy children together? as much as to say, Notwithstanding, these thy murders have not alienated Me from thee, but I would have taken thee to Me, not once or twice, but many times. The strength of His affection He shews by the comparison of a hen.”
Catena Aurea: Gospel of Matthew, as excerpted in the Catena Aurea on Matthew 23:37-39 PD · J. H. Newman (Oxford, 1841) ↗
Jerome · c. A.D. 347–420 A.D. 420
“I say unto you, Ye shall not see Me, &c. That is to say, Unless ye shall do penitence, and shall confess that I am He of whom the Prophets have spoken, the Son of the Almighty Father, ye shall not see My face. Thus the Jews have a time allowed for their repentance. Let them confess Him blessed who cometh in the name of the Lord, and they shall then behold Christ’s face.”
Catena Aurea: Gospel of Matthew, as excerpted in the Catena Aurea on Matthew 23:37-39 PD · J. H. Newman (Oxford, 1841) ↗
Augustine of Hippo · A.D. 354–430 A.D. 430
“(Quæst. Ev. i. 36.) This species has the greatest affection for its brood, insomuch that when they are sick the mother sickens also; and what you will hardly find in any other animal, it will fight against the kite, protecting its young with its wings. In like manner our mother, the Wisdom of God, sickened as it were in the putting on the flesh, according to that of the Apostle, The weakness of God is stronger than men, (1 Cor. 1:25.) protects our weakness, and resists the Devil that he should not make us his prey.”
Catena Aurea: Gospel of Matthew, as excerpted in the Catena Aurea on Matthew 23:37-39 PD · J. H. Newman (Oxford, 1841) ↗
Augustine of Hippo · A.D. 354–430 A.D. 430
“(Ench. 97.) Where is that omnipotence, by the which He did whatsoever pleased Him both in heaven and in earth, if He would have gathered the children of Jerusalem and did not? Was it not that she would not that her children should be gathered by Him, and yet He did, notwithstanding, gather those of her children whom He would?”
Catena Aurea: Gospel of Matthew, as excerpted in the Catena Aurea on Matthew 23:37-39 PD · J. H. Newman (Oxford, 1841) ↗
426 years pass — nothing from this stretch is hosted yet
Medieval c. 750 – 1100
Undated date unknown
Pseudo-Chrysostom
“Foreseeing the destruction of the city, and the blow it would receive from the Romans, He called to mind the blood of the saints which had been, and should yet be, shed in it. Thou killedst Esaias who was sent unto thee, and stonedst my servant Jeremias; thou dashedst out the brains of Ezechiel by dragging him over stones; how shalt thou be saved, which wilt not suffer a physician to come nigh thee? And He said not, Didst kill and stone; but, Killest, and Stonest; that is, This is a common and natural practice with thee to kill and stone the saints. She did to the Apostles the same things which she had once done to the Prophets.”
Catena Aurea: Gospel of Matthew, as excerpted in the Catena Aurea on Matthew 23:37-39 PD · J. H. Newman (Oxford, 1841) ↗

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