The interpretation timeline

Ps 132:1

How this passage has been read — the sources, oldest to newest.

From the early Church Fathers to now.

6 Patristic witnesses · 1 Jewish witness · 1 Medieval witness

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Patristic before A.D. 750
217
PATR
Pope Zephyrinus
d. A.D. 217
“Assist, therefore, one another in good faith, and by deed and with a hearty will; nor let any one remove his hand from the help of a brother, since "by this," says the Lord, "shall all people know that you are my disciples, if you have love one toward another." Wherefore, too, he speaks by the prophet, saying, "Behold how good and how pleasant it is for brethren to dwell together in unity!" In a spiritual dwelling, I interpret it, and in a concord that is in God, and in the unity of the faith that distinguishes this pleasant dwelling according to truth, which indeed was illustrated more beautifully in Aaron and the priests clothed with honor, as ointment on the head, nurturing the highest understanding and leading even to the end of wisdom. For in this dwelling the Lord has promised blessing and eternal life. Apprehending, therefore, the importance of this utterance of the prophet, we have spoken this present brotherly word for love's sake and by no means seeking, or meaning to seek, our own things.”
213 years pass — nothing from this stretch is hosted yet
430
PATR
430
PATR
Augustine of Hippo
A.D. 354–430
“Perform your duties in the church faithfully and joyfully, as they fall to your lot according to your rank, and fulfill your ministry with uprightness, because of that God under whom we are fellow servants and to whom we understand that we shall render an account of our actions. Therefore, his mercy ought to abound in us, because "judgment without mercy to him that has not done mercy." For this reason pray with us for those who still cause us sadness, that the sickness of their carnal mind, intensified and concentrated by long custom, may be healed. For who does not understand "how good and how pleasant it is for brethren to dwell together in unity" if that pleasure touches a palate from which the mind has spit out all the bitterness of division and that loves the sweetness of charity? The God to whom we pray for them is powerful and merciful enough to use any sort of occasion to draw them even now to salvation. May the Lord preserve you in peace.”
450
PATR
Peter Chrysologus
c. A.D. 380–450
“The law was given not for one, but for all. So, too, Christ came not for one or to one but to all and for all. He desired to bring all things together into a unity that alone is good and pleasant. The prophet, aware of the future, assures us, "Behold, how good and pleasant it is for brethren to dwell together in unity." For not singularity but unity is acceptable to God. The Holy Spirit descended on the apostles with all his welling fountain when they were assembled together. This occurred after the apostles had been instructed by the Lord's own commandment to wait in a group for the Spirit's coming.”
460
PATR
Valerian of Cimiez
d. A.D. 460
“The prophet said in praise of fraternal charity: "Behold, how good and how pleasant it is for brethren to dwell together in unity." What good is there in the life of people except peace, in which upright pursuits make progress and religious activities are fostered? What is more joyful than all nations serving the one God in peace and the prayers of all people converging to the praise of the one Lord?To dwell together in unity is this: to believe in God and faithfully to remain in the one Son of God. This is the one profitable and joyful union for mortals: our not dividing, as the heretics do, the Father from the Son, or the Son from the Father or the Holy Spirit from both, but, rather, our believing that these three names are distributed among the persons and that the persons rejoice in the participation of the one godhead. Thus it comes to pass that, when there is agreement to unity, there will be no shattering of charity in the church.”
645 years pass — nothing from this stretch is hosted yet
Scholastic c. 1100 – 1500
1105
SCHOL
169 years pass — nothing from this stretch is hosted yet
1274
SCHOL
Bonaventure
c. A.D. 1221–1274
“As a figure of this it is written in the Psalm: "Behold, how good and how pleasant it is for brethren to dwell together in unity. Like ointment upon the head, which descended upon the beard, the beard of Aaron." We have one Father, one sacrifice, one Sacrament, and one reward. First there is the ointment of piety upon the head; afterwards it descends upon all others who draw near to the head. First there ought to be piety in prelates and superiors, and afterwards in the common people; whence he says: "which descended to the hem of his garment."”
Undated date unknown
Oresiesis-Heru-sa Ast
c. A.D. 380
“The apostle taught us that our community, the communion by which we are joined to one another, springs from God, when he said, "Do not forget good works and communion, for God takes pleasure in such sacrifices." We read the same thing in the Acts of the Apostles: "For the multitude of believers had one heart and soul, and no one called anything his own. They held everything in common. And the apostles gave witness to the resurrection of the Lord Jesus with great power." The psalmist is in agreement with these words when he says, "Behold, how good and how delightful it is for brothers to live together." And let us who live together in the Koinonia and who are united to one another in mutual charity, so apply ourselves that, just as we deserved fellowship with the holy fathers in this life, we may also be their companions in the life to come. We know that the cross of our life is also the foundation of our doctrine and that "we must share Christ's sufferings," and we must realize that without trials and difficulties no one attains victory. "Happy the one who endures trial, for when he has proved himself, he shall receive the crown of life."”

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