The interpretation timeline

Ps 16:13

How this passage has been read — the sources, oldest to newest.

From the early Church Fathers to now.

3 Patristic · 2 Jewish · 1 Catholic

Ps 16:13 · Douay-Rheims
“Arise, O Lord, disappoint him and supplant him; deliver my soul from the wicked one: thy sword”
Patristic before A.D. 750
339
A.D.
Eusebius of Caesarea Patristic
c. A.D. 260–339
“That sword will be the "word of God living and more active than any double edged sword," here in the place of a straight sword, which is entrusted to my spirit for driving out the enemies.”
373
A.D.
Athanasius of Alexandria Patristic
c. A.D. 296–373
“The soul of each of the righteous—clearly of those who pull sinners from impiety to piety—is as a sharpened sword against the spirits of evil. This sword, O our Lord, which you sharpened against your enemies, save from the enemies of your hand.”
430
A.D.
Augustine of Hippo Patristic
A.D. 354–430
“"Arise, O Lord, prevent them, and cast them down" [Psalm 17:13]. Arise, O Lord, Thou whom they suppose to be asleep, and regardless of men's iniquities; be they blinded before by their own malice, that vengeance may prevent their deed; and so cast them down.”
675 years pass — nothing from this stretch is hosted yet
Scholastic c. 1100 – 1500
1105
A.D.
Rashi Jewish
1040–1105
“confront him The enemy. bring him down to his knees Beat his legs, and he will kneel and fall. rescue my soul from every wicked man who is Your sword, for You give him the power to rule, to requite those who are bound to You.”
1235
A.D.
Radak Jewish
c. 1160–1235
“Arise, O Lord: – when he comes to pursue and tear me. Confront him and cast him down: – so that he shall not have the strength to harm me. Deliver my soul from the wicked, Thy sword: – i.e. from the wicked which is Thy sword, as it is said (Isaiah 10:5): “Ho, Assyrian, the rod of Mine anger,” etc.; for the sword, and escape from it, is all from Thee; as it is written, “I have wounded, and I heal” (Deut. 32:39).”
Source
1274
A.D.
Thomas Aquinas Catholic
1225–1274
“"Arise." Here he sets forth the other petition, that is, the overthrow of the enemies. And he sets forth three things. First, the petition. Second, the explanation, at "Rescue my soul." Third, the reason for the petition, at "From your hidden ones." Concerning the first, he does two things. First, he addresses the concealment of help. Second, for the destruction of the adversary. He says, therefore: You seem to sleep while you allow me to be afflicted; but "Arise, O Lord, forestall him," so that you may come to my aid more quickly than he can harm me. "And trip him up," that is, undermine him, as it were, by cunning: Job 5: "He catches the wise in their own craftiness." Prov. 19: "A man's cunning trips up his steps." "Trip him up" in two things: namely, in my deliverance; and regarding this he says, "Rescue my soul from the wicked one," who persecutes me against justice, and therefore is wicked. Ps. 42: "Rescue me from the unjust and deceitful man." And the reason for this is that my soul is a sword, that is, a sharp blade on both sides, by which the Devil was destroyed. And this is properly said of the soul of Christ: Is. 27: "On that day the Lord will visit Leviathan with his hard and strong sword."”
Source
Modern · 1953 →

The in-app commentary runs from the Fathers to the early-modern record, then stops — that's where the public-domain sources end, not where the reading does. For the modern reading, follow the sources directly.