The interpretation timeline

Rev 1:7

How this passage has been read — the sources, oldest to newest.

From the early Church Fathers to now.

13 Patristic · 3 Medieval · 2 Catholic · 1 Reformed

Rev 1:7 · Douay-Rheims
“Behold, he cometh with the clouds, and every eye shall see him, and they also that pierced him. And all the tribes of the earth shall bewail themselves because of him. Even so. Amen.”
Patristic before A.D. 750
108
A.D.
c. A.D. 50–107
“And I know that He was possessed of a body not only in His being born and crucified, but I also know that He was so after His resurrection, and believe that He is so now. When, for instance, He came to those who were with Peter, He said to them, "Lay hold, handle Me, and see that I am not an incorporeal spirit." "For a spirit hath not flesh and bones, as ye see Me have." And He says to Thomas, "Reach hither thy finger into the print of the nails, and reach hither thy hand, and thrust it into My side; " and immediately they believed that He was Christ. Wherefore Thomas also says to Him, "My Lord, and my God." And on this account also did they despise death, for it were too little to say, indignities and stripes. Nor was this all; but also after He had shown Himself to them, that He had risen indeed, and not in appearance only, He both ate and drank with them during forty entire days. And thus was He, with the flesh, received up in their sight unto Him that sent Him, being with that same flesh to come again, accompanied by glory and power. For, say the [holy] oracles, "This same Jesus, who is taken up from you into heaven, shall so come, in like manner as ye have seen Him go unto heaven." But if they say that He will come at the end of the world without a body, how shall those "see Him that pierced Him," and when they recognise Him, "mourn for themselves? " For incorporeal beings have neither form nor figure, nor the aspect of an animal possessed of shape, because their nature is in itself simple.”
Source
220
A.D.
Tertullian Patristic
c. A.D. 150–220
“And then shall they "learn to know Him whom they pierced, and shall beat their breasts tribe by tribe; " of course because in days bygone they did not know Him when conditionedin the humility of human estate.”
220
A.D.
Tertullian Patristic
c. A.D. 150–220
“That, however, which we have reserved for a concluding argument, will now stand as a plea for all, and for the apostle himself, who in very deed would have to be charged with extreme indiscretion, if he had so abruptly, as some will have it, and as they say, blindfold, and so indiscriminately, and so unconditionally, excluded from the kingdom of God, and indeed from the court of heaven itself, all flesh and blood whatsoever; since Jesus is still sitting there at the right hand of the Father, man, yet God-the last Adam, yet the primary Word-flesh and blood, yet purer than ours-who "shall descend in like manner as He ascended into heaven" the same both in substance and form, as the angels affirmed, so as even to be recognised by those who pierced Him. Designated, as He is, "the Mediator between God and man," He keeps in His own self the deposit of the flesh which has been committed to Him by both parties-the pledge and security of its entire perfection.”
Source
220
A.D.
Tertullian Patristic
c. A.D. 150–220
“For they affirm that without those letters truth cannot be found; nay more, that in those letters the whole plenitude and perfection of truth is comprised; for this was why Christ said, "I am the Alpha and the Omega." In fact, they say that Jesus Christ descended, that is, that the dove came down on Jesus; and, since the dove is styled by the Greek name peristera/-(peristera), it has in itself this number DCCCI.”
Source
303
A.D.
c. A.D. 250–303
“"Behold, He shall come with clouds, and every eye shall see Him." For He who at first came hidden in the manhood that He had undertaken, shall after a little while come to judgment manifest in majesty and glory. And what saith He?”
430
A.D.
Augustine of Hippo Patristic
A.D. 354–430
“and they that pierced him. a prophecy which implies that Christ will come in the very flesh in which He was crucified.”
430
A.D.
Augustine of Hippo Patristic
A.D. 354–430
“He is "good," according to that sight, according to which God appears to the pure in heart; for "truly God is good unto Israel even to such as are of a clean heart." But when the wicked shall see the Judge, He will not seem good to them; because they will not rejoice in their heart to see Him, but all "kindreds of the earth shall then wail because of Him," namely, as being reckoned in the number of all the wicked and unbelievers.”
Source
533
A.D.
c. A.D. 468–533
“Hold most firmly and never doubt that the Word made flesh always has the same truly human flesh with which God the Word was born of the Virgin, with which he was crucified and died, with which he rose and ascended to heaven and sits at the right hand of God, with which he will come again to judge the living and the dead. For this reason, the apostles heard from the angels, "He … will return in the same way as you have seen him going into heaven," and the blessed John says, "Behold, he will come amid the clouds, and every eye will see him, even those who pierced him; and all the tribes of the earth will see him."”
Source
637
A.D.
c. A.D. 563–637
“he comes with the clouds. Either the bodiless powers are implied by the clouds, or those clouds which covered him on Mount Tabor with his holy disciples.”
735
A.D.
Bede Patristic
A.D. 673–735
“Behold, he comes with the clouds, etc. He who first came hidden to be judged will then come manifest to judge. He mentions this to strengthen the Church to endure sufferings, now oppressed by enemies, but then to reign with Christ.”
735
A.D.
Bede Patristic
A.D. 673–735
“And those who pierced him, etc. Seeing him in the same form as a powerful judge in which they judged him as insignificant, they will lament themselves in late repentance.”
735
A.D.
Bede Patristic
A.D. 673–735
“Even so, Amen. He affirms it without doubt by interposing "Amen," knowing most certainly that it will happen as revealed by God.”
Medieval c. 750 – 1100
804
A.D.
Alcuin of York Medieval
c. A.D. 735–804
“Behold, he cometh with the clouds. If we are to take this literally, when the Lord comes for the judgment, there will be a white cloud overshadowing the saints to protect them from the fire burning the world. This cloud will be frightening, and the reprobates will be terrified by its din. However, hardly anything in this Apocalypse is to be taken literally. So, in the sacred Scripture, when clouds are mentioned in the plural, they represent the holy preachers, who are light by the cleanness of their minds, and keep watering the hearts of their listeners with drops of preaching. Therefore it is with these clouds that the Lord will come for the judgment, according to this saying of the prophet: Behold, the Lord comes for the judgment with the ancients of his people. [Variant of Is. 3:14] And every eye shall see him, and they also that pierced him. Every eye shall see him, that is, every man shall (the whole is meant by a part) who shall then have been resurrected, either to life or to death — but not the eyes of animals, to which it is not given to rise again after death. Every man shall see him in the form of a servant in which he was judged by the wicked, not in the form of the divinity, which cannot be seen by the wicked. Note also that another translator says, "all the earth shall see him such," as if he were saying, "such as the wicked did not believe he would be when he was here." And all the tribes of the earth shall bewail themselves because of him. In this place it is to be noted that he says with an addition, the tribes of the earth, as if he were saying "those who long for earthly things and devote themselves to greed," to whom it is said, Woe to you that are rich, [Luke 6:24] as well as, Woe to you that laugh. [Ibid. 25] As for what the cause of their pain is, it is disclosed with the words because of him: for even though there will then be mourning due to many afflictions, it will be nothing compared to the lamentation caused by the sight of Christ's glory; for the unfortunate will then feel more pained by the fact that they have lost such a Lord than by the fact that they have fallen into the most atrocious torment. Now, look: he confirms the things that have been said with the insertion of an oath, when he adds, Even so. Amen. Amen is for the Hebrews what even so is for us. Both are adverbs of affirmation: therefore he says Even so. Amen as if he were saying with duplication, "It is true. It is true."”
Source
470 years pass — nothing from this stretch is hosted yet
Scholastic c. 1100 – 1500
1274
A.D.
Thomas Aquinas Catholic
1225–1274
“every eye shall see him. Therefore all men will be present at the judgment.”
1349
A.D.
Nicholas of Lyra Medieval
c. A.D. 1270–1349
“even so. Amen. this is the adverb of affirmation in Latin and similarly Amen in Hebrew, and by means of this double affirmation it is implied that truth is not retractable.”
1349
A.D.
Nicholas of Lyra Medieval
c. A.D. 1270–1349
“they also that pierced him. That the Jews, who crucified Him by word of the soldiers by hand and Pilate by judging.”
500 years pass — nothing from this stretch is hosted yet
Post-Reformation c. 1650 – 1900
1849
A.D.
1871
A.D.
1871
“with clouds--Greek, "the clouds," namely, of heaven. "A cloud received Him out of their sight" at His ascension (Act 1:9). His ascension corresponds to the manner of His coming again (Act 1:11). Clouds are the symbols of wrath to sinners. every eye--His coming shall therefore be a personal, visible appearing. shall see--It is because they do not now see Him, they will not believe. Contrast Joh 20:29. they also--they in particular; "whosoever." Primarily, at His pre-millennial advent the Jews, who shall "look upon Him whom they have pierced," and mourn in repentance, and say, "Blessed is He that cometh in the name of the Lord." Secondarily, and here chiefly, at the general judgment all the ungodly, not only those who actually pierced Him, but those who did so by their sins, shall look with trembling upon Him. John is the only one of the Evangelists who records the piercing of Christ's side. This allusion identifies him as the author of the Apocalypse. The reality of Christ's humanity and His death is proved by His having been pierced; and the water and blood from His side were the antitype to the Levitical waters of cleansing and blood offerings. all kindreds . . . shall wail--all the unconverted at the general judgment; and especially at His pre-millennial advent, the Antichristian confederacy (Zac 12:3-6, Zac 12:9; Zac 14:1-4; Mat 24:30). Greek, "all the tribes of the land," or "the earth." See the limitation to "all," Rev 13:8. Even the godly while rejoicing in His love shall feel penitential sorrow at their sins, which shall all be manifested at the general judgment. because of--Greek, "at," or "in regard to Him." Even so, Amen--Gods seal of His own word; to which corresponds the believer's prayer, Rev 22:20. The "even so" is Greek; "Amen" is Hebrew. To both Gentiles and Jews His promises and threats are unchangeable.”
Source
Undated date unknown
c. A.D. 100
“Watch for your life's sake. Let not your lamps be quenched, nor your loins unloosed; but be ye ready, for ye know not the hour in which our Lord cometh. But often shall ye come together, seeking the things which are befitting to your souls: for the whole time of your faith will not profit you, if ye be not made perfect in the last time. For in the last days false prophets and corrupters shall be multiplied, and the sheep shall be turned into wolves, and love shall be turned into hate; for when lawlessness increaseth, they shall hate and persecute and betray one another, and then shall appear the world-deceiver as Son of God, and shall do signs and wonders, and the earth shall be delivered into his hands, and he shall do iniquitous things which have never yet come to pass since the beginning. Then shall the creation of men come into the fire of trial, and many shall be made to stumble and shall perish; but they that endure in their faith shall be saved from under the curse itself. And then shall appear the signs of the truth; first, the sign of an out-spreading in heaven; then the sign of the sound of the trumpet; and the third, the resurrection of the dead; yet not of all, but as it is said: The Lord shall come and all His saints with Him. Then shall the world see the Lord coming upon the clouds of heaven.”
Source
Oecumenius Patristic
c. A.D. 550
“His coming upon "the clouds of heaven," and the Lord Himself said concerning Himself in the Gospel according to Mark as follows: "And the powers in heaven will be shaken; and then they will see the Son of Man coming in the clouds with great power and glory." (Mark 13:25-26) For as I suppose it was written concerning His ascension into heaven on the day of the Ascension in the Acts, that a cloud received Him out of their sight, so He will come again with clouds. (Acts 1:9) I suppose, metaphorically, that the divine Scripture calls the holy angels "clouds" because of their lightness, their lofty nature, and their ability to walk on air [ἀεροβατές], as if it were saying that the Lord will come accompanied and attended by divine angels. For therefore the prophet also introduces Him, saying, "And he mounted upon the cherubim and flew; he flew upon the wings of the wind." (Ps. 17:11) And he says, "every eye shall see Him, even those who pierced Him." For He will not come in an obscure manner in his second glorious coming, nor secretly as before, when He lived among the world in the flesh; the prophet spoke of that coming, which is foreshadowed, saying: "He will descend like rain upon the mown grass, and like showers that water the earth." (Ps. 71:6) But openly and plainly, so as to be seen by every eye, even by the very sinful and wicked. Among these, those who have been led astray or turned away from him must be dealt with accordingly. "and all the tribes of the earth shall mourn because of Him," it says, referring clearly to those who have remained in unbelief and have not chosen to bow their own necks to the yoke of their Savior. But you will understand that "because of Him," in his appearance and presence. Then, to indicate what will certainly happen, he added "Yes, amen," meaning exactly that these things will occur with absolute certainty; for just as among the Greeks the word "yes" [ναὶ] signifies assent to what is to come, so too among the Hebrews "amen" [ἀμὴν] serves this purpose.”
Source
Modern · 1953 →

The in-app commentary runs from the Fathers to the early-modern record, then stops — that's where the public-domain sources end, not where the reading does. For the modern reading, follow the sources directly.