How this passage has been read — the sources, oldest to newest.
From the early Church Fathers to now.
A.D. 8561274
4 Medieval witnesses · 1 Patristic witness
View
Medievalc. 750 – 1100
Rabanus Maurus · c. A.D. 780–856A.D. 856
“Similar to this statement is what is read in Isaiah: Behold, the nations are as a drop from a bucket, and are counted as the small dust of the balance (Isa. 40:15). And a little later: All the nations, he says, are as nothing before him, and are accounted by him as nothing and emptiness. (Isa. 40:17) This is meant to be understood as that the mind and reason and sense of the Lord, through whom all things were made, and without whom nothing was made, is the one of whom it is sung in the psalms: By the word of the Lord the heavens were established, and all their power by the breath of his mouth (Ps. 33:6). All the nations who do not know their creator, or the whole of mankind in comparison to God, are as a drop from a bucket and as the small dust of the balance, which with slight weight inclines to the other side; and just as the early morning dew-drop, which is easily dried when the sun rises, or as if a small drop flows from a bucket and is disregarded by the one carrying it, so the entire multitude of the nations, when compared to the heavenly splendor, and the ministries above, and the multitude of angels, is considered as nothing.”
418 years pass — nothing from this stretch is hosted yet
Scholasticc. 1100 – 1500
Bonaventure · c. A.D. 1221–12741274
“He sets forth first the magnitude of divine power: "There is none like unto thee, O Lord; thou art great, and thy name is great in might." Whence in the book of Wisdom: "As a drop of morning dew, so is the whole world before thee." Therefore who would not fear thee, unless he be impious and foolish?”
“For etc., as if to say: truly it is so: for the whole world, that is, the totality of creatures, is thus before you, that is, in your disposition, or in comparison with you, as the turning of a balance, that is, that small amount by which the balance is inclined this way or that; whence it is called momentum from "moving," or because, just as it is easily and as if in a moment moved this way or that, so by divine power the world is moved at the nod of God; whence Isaiah 40: "Behold, the nations are as a drop from a bucket and are accounted as the turning of a balance"; and as a drop of the morning dew, that is, falling before the light, which descends upon the earth, which is easily dissolved by the face of the sun and cannot resist it. And it should be noted that he says the creature is as the turning of a balance etc., in respect to God as regards the ease of acting upon it; and as a drop of dew etc., as regards the impossibility of being acted upon by it; Isaiah 40: "All nations are as though they were not, so are they before him."”
“And just as all things compared to the divine power can do virtually nothing, so all things compared to the divine essence are virtually the least. Whence in respect to the divine being this entire world is as something minimal. And this is what is said in Wisdom eleven: For as a grain in the balance, so is the whole world before you, and as a drop of morning dew that falls upon the earth: and in Isaiah forty: Behold, the nations are as a drop from a bucket and are accounted as a grain in the balance: and afterward: All nations are as though they were not, so are they before him, and they are accounted as nothing and emptiness.”
“Who can hide or flee before the unique divinity of the Trinity? To the Trinity, the entire globe of the earth seems as a raindrop, or a bit of foam or a drop of morning dew that descends from heaven. As it is written, "He sits above the vault of the earth, from where its inhabitants seem like grasshoppers." And, "He has measured the waters in the hollow of his hand and held the whole earth in his palm." And further, "The heavens are my throne, the earth the footstool for my feet." Notice that the power of the one divinity is incomprehensible, since the heavens, which he holds in his palm, are also his throne, and the earth, which is enclosed in his fist, is in turn the footstool for his feet. In fact, the whole of the heavens is contained in his palm, and the entire earth is enclosed in his hand. It is also the throne and footstool for his feet, as it is written, "To whom the whole world is like dust on the scales." And thus he fills all things, containing all things from within and without, since this eternal, undivided Trinity is present everywhere and possesses the invisible fullness of the divinity.”
The reader meets the sources first; chronology and attribution do the work. Provenance is shown on every quotation — solid for hosted public domain, dashed for link-out.