George Leo Haydock
Catholic
1774–1849
“Rose up. A bright sun (Tirinus) represented God, (Calmet) or the king. (Grotius)”
The interpretation timeline
Esth 11:11
How this passage has been read — the sources, oldest to newest.
From the early Church Fathers to now.
Esth 11:11 · Douay-Rheims
“The light and the sun rose up, and the humble were exalted, and they devoured the glorious.”
Post-Reformation
c. 1650 – 1900
1849
A.D.
Modern · 1953 →
The in-app commentary runs from the Fathers to the early-modern record, then stops — that's where the public-domain sources end, not where the reading does. For the modern reading, follow the sources directly.