Doxology

The Glory Be (Gloria Patri)

The 'lesser doxology' — the Church's ancient hymn of praise to the Holy Trinity; its trinitarian form pressed into universal use in the fourth century against the Arians, its closing clause a Western addition affirming the Son's eternal glory.

The prayer

Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, and to the Holy Spirit; as it was in the beginning, is now, and ever shall be, world without end. Amen.

Where it comes from

The dated sources the library holds, oldest first — in their own words.

  1. 350
    The doxology of the Trinity

    The doxology "Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, and to the Holy Spirit" is of Christian antiquity; in the fourth century its co-equal, trinitarian form is pressed into general use against the Arians, who denied the full divinity of the Son.

  2. 530
    The 'as it was in the beginning'

    The closing clause — "as it was in the beginning, is now, and ever shall be" (sicut erat in principio) — is a Western addition, affirming that the glory of the Son is eternal, and was not, as the Arians held, a glory that once began.

  3. 1,913
    1907–1914
    “Especially in the fourth century, as a protest against Arian subordination…, the custom of using the form: "Glory to the Father, and to the Son, and to the Holy Ghost", became universal among Catholics.”