Witnesses

Everyone this library quotes — Church Fathers, rabbis, Reformers, popes and councils. Each one dated, named, and linked to the passages they wrote about.

Patristic 80 to about A.D. 750

Saint Augustine of Hippo

A.D. 354–430 · Bishop of Hippo · Doctor of the Church

Saint John Chrysostom

A.D. 347–407 · Archbishop of Constantinople · Doctor of the Church

Gregory the Great

c. A.D. 540–604 · Pope · Doctor of the Church · Servant of the servants of God

Saint Ambrose of Milan

A.D. 339–397 · Bishop of Milan · Doctor of the Church

c. A.D. 347–420 · Priest · Translator of the Vulgate · Doctor of the Church

Basil of Caesarea

c. A.D. 330–379 · Archbishop of Caesarea · Doctor of the Church · Cappadocian Father

Hilary of Poitiers

c. A.D. 310–367 · Bishop of Poitiers · Doctor of the Church

c. A.D. 130–202 · Bishop of Lyons · Church Father · Doctor of the Church

Saint Cyril of Alexandria

A.D. 376–444 · Patriarch of Alexandria · Doctor of the Church

Athanasius of Alexandria

c. A.D. 296–373 · Patriarch of Alexandria · Doctor of the Church

Saint Cyril of Jerusalem

A.D. 313–386 · Bishop of Jerusalem · Doctor of the Church

Gregory of Nazianzus

A.D. 329–390 · Archbishop of Constantinople · Doctor of the Church · "the Theologian"

Saint John of Damascus

A.D. 676–749 · Monk of Mar Saba · Doctor of the Church

c. A.D. 400–461 · Pope · Doctor of the Church

Peter Chrysologus

c. A.D. 380–450 · Bishop of Ravenna · Doctor of the Church

Isidore of Seville

c. A.D. 560–636 · Archbishop of Seville · Doctor of the Church

Saint Bede the Venerable

A.D. 673–735 · Monk of Jarrow · Doctor of the Church

Saint Ignatius of Antioch

c. A.D. 50–107 · Bishop of Antioch · Apostolic Father · Martyr

Clement of Rome

d. A.D. 99 · Pope · Apostolic Father · Martyr

Polycarp of Smyrna

c. A.D. 69–155 · Bishop of Smyrna · Apostolic Father · Martyr

c. A.D. 200–258 · Bishop of Carthage · Martyr

Gregory of Nyssa

c. A.D. 335–395 · Bishop of Nyssa · Cappadocian Father

Philoxenus of Mabbug

c. A.D. 450–523 · Syriac Bishop of Mabbug · Theologian

Methodius of Olympus

c. A.D. 260–311 · Bishop of Olympus · Martyr

Victorinus of Pettau

c. A.D. 250–303 · Bishop of Poetovio · Martyr

Hippolytus of Rome

c. A.D. 170–235 · Presbyter of Rome · Theologian · Martyr

Saint Justin Martyr

A.D. 100–165 · Philosopher · Apologist · Martyr

c. A.D. 150–220 · Theologian of Carthage · Apologist · Father of Latin Christianity

Clement of Alexandria

c. A.D. 150–215 · Theologian of Alexandria · Head of the Catechetical School

c. A.D. 184–253 · Alexandrian Theologian · Biblical Scholar

c. A.D. 360–435 · Desert Monk · Founder of the Marseilles Monasteries

Philo of Alexandria

c. 15 B.C.–A.D. 45 · Hellenistic Jewish philosopher · allegorical exegete

Didymus the Blind

c. A.D. 313–398 · Theologian of Alexandria · Head of the Catechetical School

Bede the Venerable

c. A.D. 672–735

Eusebius of Caesarea

c. A.D. 260–339

Lucius Caecilius Firmianus Lactantius

c. A.D. 240–317 · Rhetorician · Christian Apologist

Titus of Bostra

Aphrahat the Persian Sage

c. A.D. 270–346

c. A.D. 220–258

Tyrannius Rufinus

c. A.D. 345–411

Dionysius of Alexandria

Gregory of Neocaesarea

c. A.D. 213–270

c. A.D. 348–413

Cyprian of Carthage

c. A.D. 210–258

Nicetas of Remesiana

c. A.D. 335–414

Peter of Alexandria

The Council of Nicaea

A.D. 325 · The first ecumenical council · confessed the Son homoousios with the Father

Alexander of Alexandria

c. A.D. 250–326

c. A.D. 200–250

Asterius of Cappadocia

c. A.D. 270–341

Theophilus of Antioch

Maximus of Turin

Isidore of Pelusium

Vincent of Lérins

Callistus I of Rome

Papias of Hierapolis

c. A.D. 70–140

Benedict of Nursia

c. A.D. 480–547

Flavius Josephus

c. A.D. 37–100

Tatian the Assyrian

c. A.D. 120–180

c. A.D. 385–418

Theonas of Alexandria

Arnobius of Sicca

c. A.D. 255–327

Epiphanius of Salamis

c. A.D. 310–403

Polycrates Of Ephesus

c. A.D. 125–196

c. A.D. 110–180

Julius Africanus

c. A.D. 160–240

Macrina the Younger

c. A.D. 324–379

Paulinus of Milan

c. A.D. 370–428

Pope Zephyrinus

Sulpicius Severus

c. A.D. 360–420

Melito of Sardis

c. A.D. 100–180

Theodotus of Ancyra

Marcus Minucius Felix

Pamphilus of Caesarea

c. A.D. 250–309

Gennadius of Massilia

Optatus of Milevis

Socrates Scholasticus

c. A.D. 380–440

The Athanasian Creed

c. A.D. 500 · Western Trinitarian creed · "Quicunque vult"

Medieval 8 to about 1100

c. A.D. 780–856 · Archbishop of Mainz · Praeceptor Germaniae

c. A.D. 735–804 · Anglo-Saxon Scholar · Abbot of Tours

Remigius of Auxerre

c. A.D. 841–908 · Benedictine Monk · Carolingian Scholar

Gaunilo of Marmoutiers

11th century · Benedictine monk

Ishodad of Merv

Haymo of Halberstadt

Lanfranc of Canterbury

c. A.D. 1005–1089

Paschasius Radbertus

c. A.D. 785–865

Scholastic 8 to about 1500

Saint Thomas Aquinas

1225–1274 · Dominican · Doctor of the Church

1040–1105 · Medieval French Rabbi · Commentator on the Tanakh and Talmud

14,675 excerpts

Anselm of Canterbury

A.D. 1033–1109 · Archbishop of Canterbury · Doctor of the Church

Peter of Tarantasia

1225–1276 · Dominican Friar · Archbishop of Lyon · Pope Innocent V

Theophylact of Ohrid

c. 1055–1107 · Byzantine Archbishop of Ohrid · Biblical Commentator

1194–1270 · Medieval Catalan Rabbi · Torah Commentator · Talmudist

1089–1167 · Medieval Spanish Rabbi · Biblical Commentator · Grammarian · Poet

c. 1160–1235 · Medieval Provençal Rabbi · Biblical Commentator · Grammarian

Reformation 10 to about 1650

Cornelius a Lapide

1567–1637 · Jesuit Priest · Biblical Exegete

c. 1475–1550 · Italian-Renaissance Rabbi · Biblical Commentator · Physician

1509–1564 · Reformer of Geneva

1483–1546 · Augustinian Friar · Reformer

Huldrych Zwingli

1484–1531 · Reformer of Zurich

Council of Trent

1545–1563 · Ecumenical Council

Augsburg Confession

1530 · Lutheran confession · Diet of Augsburg, 1530

The Thirty-Nine Articles

1571 · Anglican confession · Church of England, 1563

Westminster Confession of Faith

1646 · Reformed confession · Westminster Assembly, 1646

The Formula of Concord

1577 · Lutheran confession · the Book of Concord, 1577

Post-Reformation 17 to about 1900

1697–1771 · Particular Baptist divine · exposition rich in rabbinic and patristic citation

26,912 excerpts

George Leo Haydock

1774–1849 · Priest · annotator of the Douay-Rheims

19,835 excerpts

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown

1871 · Critical & explanatory commentary

16,883 excerpts

Francis Patrick Kenrick

1796–1863 · Archbishop of Baltimore

1762–1832 · Wesleyan-Methodist biblical scholar · verse-by-verse on the whole Bible

12,593 excerpts

1792–1878 · Pope, 1846–1878 · defined the Immaculate Conception

John Henry Newman

A.D. 1801–1890 · Cardinal · convert · theologian

1662–1714 · Puritan (Presbyterian) minister · exposition of the whole Bible

Keil & Delitzsch

1861–1875 · Old Testament critical commentary

Dom Prosper Guéranger

1805–1875 · Abbot of Solesmes

1743–1805 · Natural theologian

Philaret of Moscow

1782–1867 · Metropolitan of Moscow · his Longer Catechism (1839) is a standard of Russian Orthodox teaching

1711–1776 · Philosopher

Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz

1646–1716 · Philosopher & mathematician

1724–1804 · Philosopher

1623–1662 · Mathematician & religious thinker

1809–1882 · Naturalist

Modern 5 to 1953, where the public-domain record ends

1810–1903 · the "Rosary Pope" · twelve encyclicals on the Rosary, 1883–1898

Eugène Portalié

1852–1909 · French Jesuit theologian · contributor to the Catholic Encyclopedia

The Catholic Encyclopedia

1907–1914 · the standard English-language Catholic reference work of its day

Herbert Thurston

1856–1939 · Jesuit historian of Catholic devotions · author of the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia article on the Rosary

Matthew Russell

1834–1912 · Irish Jesuit writer · founder of The Irish Monthly

Undated 37 councils, anonymous texts and corporate sources the library has no date for

Severian of Gabala

fl. c. A.D. 400 · Bishop of Gabala · Preacher

Glossa Ordinaria

John Chrysostom (attributed)

Anonymous · transmitted under the name of John Chrysostom

Cosmas Indicopleustes

Jerome (attributed)

Anonymous · transmitted under the name of Jerome

Greek Expositor (anonymous)

Clement of Rome (attributed)

c. A.D. 400 · Anonymous · transmitted under the name of Clement of Rome

Augustine of Hippo (attributed)

Anonymous · transmitted under the name of Augustine of Hippo

Gregory of Elvira

Vigilius of Thapsus

Origen (attributed)

Anonymous · transmitted under the name of Origen

Council of Ephesus

Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite

fl. c. A.D. 500

Martyrdom Of Polycarp

fl. c. A.D. 366–384

Athenagoras of Athens

Basil of Caesarea (attributed)

Anonymous · transmitted under the name of Basil of Caesarea

Athanasius of Alexandria (attributed)

Anonymous · transmitted under the name of Athanasius of Alexandria

Phileas of Thmuis

Second Council of Constantinople

Archelaus of Carrhae

Nemesius of Emesa

fl. c. A.D. 390

Petrus Alphonsi

c. A.D. 1062–1140

Apostolic Constitutions

Shepherd of Hermas

The Council of Chalcedon

The Second Council of Nicaea

Epistle of Barnabas

Didascalia Apostolorum

Odes of Solomon

c. 428 – 348 B.C. · Greek philosopher

The First Council of Constantinople

The First Vatican Council

The Third Council of Constantinople