The interpretation timeline

Ps 145:9

How this passage has been read — the sources, oldest to newest.

From the early Church Fathers to now.

3 Patristic · 3 Jewish · 1 Catholic

Ps 145:9 · Douay-Rheims
“The Lord keepeth the strangers, he will support the fatherless and the widow: and the ways of sinners he will destroy.”
Patristic before A.D. 750
407
A.D.
John Chrysostom Patristic
A.D. 347–407
“For as long as your blessed husband was with you, you enjoyed honor and care and zealous attention. In fact you enjoyed such as you might expect to enjoy from a husband; but, since God took him to himself, [God] has taken his place with you. And this is not my saying but that of the blessed prophet David, for he says, "He will take up the fatherless and the widow," and elsewhere he calls him "father of the fatherless and judge of the widow." Thus in many passages you will see that he is earnestly concerned about the cause of this class of people.”
Source
430
A.D.
Augustine of Hippo Patristic
A.D. 354–430
“Just as you have; "the Lord, guards proselytes" [Psalm 146:9]. "Proselytes" are strangers. Every Church of the Gentiles is a stranger. For it comes in to the Fathers, not sprung of their flesh, but their daughter by imitating them. Yet the Lord, not any man, guards them. "The orphan and widow He will take up." Let none think that He takes up the orphan for his inheritance, or the widow for any business of hers. True, God does help them; and in all the duties of the human race, he does a good work, who takes care of an orphan, who abandons not a widow: but in a certain way we are all orphans, not because our Father is dead, but because He is absent.”
Source
457
A.D.
Theodoret of Cyrus Patristic
c. A.D. 393–457
“But what excuse for despondency will we have left if we take to heart God's own promises and the hopes of Christians: the resurrection, I mean, eternal life, continuance in the kingdom, and all that "eye has not seen, nor ear heard, neither have entered into the heart of people, the things that God has prepared for them that love him"? Does not the apostle say emphatically, "I would not have you to be ignorant, brethren, concerning them which are asleep, that you sorrow not even as others which have no hope"? I have known many people who even without hope have got the better of their grief by the strength of reason alone, and it would indeed be extraordinary if they who are supported by such a hope should prove weaker than they who have no hope at all. Let us then, I implore you, look at the end as a long journey. When he went on a journey, we used indeed to be sorry, but we waited for his return. Now let the separation sadden us indeed in some degree, for I am not exhorting what is contrary to human nature, but do not let us wail as over a corpse; let us rather congratulate him on his setting forth and his departure hence, because he is now free from a world of uncertainties and fears no further change of soul or body or of corporeal conditions. The strife now ended, he waits for his reward. Do not grieve too much for orphans and widows. We have a greater Guardian whose law it is that all should take good care of orphans and widows and about whom the divine David says, "The Lord relieves the fatherless and widow, but the way of the wicked he turns upside down." Only let us put the rudders of our lives in his hands, and we shall meet with an unfailing providence. His guardianship will be surer than can be that of any man, for his are the words "Can a woman forget her sucking child that she should not have compassion on the son of her womb? Yet will I not forget you." He is nearer to us than father and mother for he is our Maker and Creator. It is not marriage that makes fathers, but fathers are made fathers at his will.”
Source
648 years pass — nothing from this stretch is hosted yet
Scholastic c. 1100 – 1500
1105
A.D.
Rashi Jewish
1040–1105
“strengthens Heb. יעודד, an expression of strength.”
1167
A.D.
Ibn Ezra Jewish
1089–1167
“"God guards converts" - Who have no aid as they are from another nation. And the word "יעודד" - I have explained it [already]. And the meaning of "He will twist" is that he will switch causes. He will prepare outcomes to twist their way, that their request not be fulfilled and their desires will not be.”
1235
A.D.
Radak Jewish
c. 1160–1235
ה' שומר את גרים. "The Lord preserves the strangers (or the converts).": The stranger (or the convert), the orphan, and the widow are weak because they have no helper, and He guards them. Therefore, the Torah warns about them in several places, and the Lord protects them. Similarly, He guards Israel, who were strangers among the nations and weak like an orphan and a widow. יעודד.: This means He will elevate them. ודרך רשעים יעות. "but the way of the wicked he makes crooked": Just as He elevates the weak, He will make the way of the wicked crooked; they will be pushed away and fall on it.”
Source
614 years pass — nothing from this stretch is hosted yet
Post-Reformation c. 1650 – 1900
1849
A.D.
1774–1849
“Strangers. He charges his people to be compassionate towards such, Exodus xxii. 21., and James i. 27. (Berthier) — We have been captives, Psalm cxii. 9. — Sinners, who have calumniated us, ver. 7. (Calmet)”
Modern · 1953 →

The in-app commentary runs from the Fathers to the early-modern record, then stops — that's where the public-domain sources end, not where the reading does. For the modern reading, follow the sources directly.