The Library · Commentators

Commentators

Every voice behind the commentary — the Fathers, the Byzantine and Eastern writers, the medieval Latins, the Jewish exegetes, and later commentators whose readings sit side by side in the timeline. Each is dated, attributed, and linked to the verses they wrote on.

207 commentators in the library · public-domain editions

All 207 Patristic 164 Jewish (historian) 1 Medieval 23 Jewish 5 Orthodox 1 Catholic 5 Reformed 2 Lutheran 1
Philo of Alexandria
c. 15 B.C.–A.D. 45
24 excerpts open →
Patristic
Clement of Rome
d. A.D. 99
120 excerpts open →
Jewish (historian)
Flavius Josephus
c. A.D. 37–100
8 excerpts open →
Patristic
Saint Ignatius of Antioch
A.D. 35–107
Bishop of Antioch · Martyr
178 excerpts open →
Patristic
Papias of Hierapolis
c. A.D. 70–140
9 excerpts open →
Patristic
Polycarp of Smyrna
c. A.D. 69–155
50 excerpts open →
Patristic
Valentinus
d. A.D. 160
1 excerpt open →
Patristic
Saint Justin Martyr
A.D. 100–165
Apologist · Martyr
121 excerpts open →
Patristic
Hegesippus
c. A.D. 110–180
4 excerpts open →
Patristic
Melito of Sardis
c. A.D. 100–180
3 excerpts open →
Patristic
Tatian the Assyrian
c. A.D. 120–180
8 excerpts open →
Patristic
Theophilus of Antioch
d. A.D. 183
13 excerpts open →
Patristic
Polycrates Of Ephesus
c. A.D. 125–196
5 excerpts open →
Patristic
Irenaeus
c. A.D. 130–202
515 excerpts open →
Patristic
Clement of Alexandria
c. A.D. 150–215
746 excerpts open →
Patristic
Pope Zephyrinus
d. A.D. 217
4 excerpts open →
Patristic
Tertullian
c. A.D. 150–220
1,924 excerpts open →
Patristic
Callistus I of Rome
d. A.D. 222
9 excerpts open →
Patristic
Pope Urban I
d. A.D. 230
8 excerpts open →
Patristic
Hippolytus of Rome
c. A.D. 170–235
400 excerpts open →
Patristic
Pope Anterus
d. A.D. 236
7 excerpts open →
Patristic
Julius Africanus
c. A.D. 160–240
4 excerpts open →
Patristic
Fabian of Rome
c. A.D. 200–250
14 excerpts open →
Patristic
Alexander of Jerusalem
d. A.D. 251
1 excerpt open →
Patristic
Origen
c. A.D. 184–253
2,359 excerpts open →
Patristic
Cyprian of Carthage
c. A.D. 210–258
22 excerpts open →
Patristic
Novatian
c. A.D. 220–258
54 excerpts open →
Patristic
Cyprian
c. A.D. 200–258
606 excerpts open →
Patristic
Marcus Minucius Felix
d. A.D. 260
2 excerpts open →
Patristic
Dionysius of Alexandria
d. A.D. 264
33 excerpts open →
Patristic
Gregory of Neocaesarea
c. A.D. 213–270
26 excerpts open →
Patristic
Theognostus Of Alexandria
c. A.D. 210–270
1 excerpt open →
Patristic
Theonas of Alexandria
d. A.D. 300
7 excerpts open →
Patristic
Victorinus of Pettau
c. A.D. 250–303
135 excerpts open →
Patristic
Pamphilus of Caesarea
c. A.D. 250–309
2 excerpts open →
Patristic
Methodius of Olympus
c. A.D. 260–311
156 excerpts open →
Patristic
Peter of Alexandria
d. A.D. 311
21 excerpts open →
Patristic
Lucius Caecilius Firmianus Lactantius
c. A.D. 240–317
94 excerpts open →
Patristic
Theodore Stratelates
c. A.D. 281–319
16 excerpts open →
Patristic
Alexander of Alexandria
c. A.D. 250–326
19 excerpts open →
Patristic
Arnobius of Sicca
c. A.D. 255–327
6 excerpts open →
Patristic
Arius
c. A.D. 250–336
1 excerpt open →
Patristic
Eustathius of Antioch
c. A.D. 270–337
2 excerpts open →
Patristic
Eusebius of Caesarea
c. A.D. 260–339
373 excerpts open →
Patristic
Asterius of Cappadocia
c. A.D. 270–341
13 excerpts open →
Patristic
Aphrahat the Persian Sage
c. A.D. 270–346
62 excerpts open →
Patristic
Pachomius the Great
c. A.D. 292–348
36 excerpts open →
Patristic
Anthony the Great
c. A.D. 251–357
2 excerpts open →
Patristic
Potamius of Lisbon
c. A.D. 300–360
1 excerpt open →
Patristic
Eusebius of Emesa
c. A.D. 295–360
8 excerpts open →
Patristic
Julius Firmicus Maternus
c. A.D. 314–360
1 excerpt open →
Patristic
Gaius Marius Victorinus
c. A.D. 290–364
220 excerpts open →
Patristic
Acacius of Caesarea
c. A.D. 300–366
3 excerpts open →
Patristic
Hilary of Poitiers
c. A.D. 310–367
518 excerpts open →
Patristic
Theodorus of Tabennese
c. A.D. 314–368
3 excerpts open →
Patristic
Eusebius of Vercelli
c. A.D. 283–371
2 excerpts open →
Patristic
Lucifer of Cagliari
d. A.D. 371
1 excerpt open →
Patristic
Athanasius of Alexandria
c. A.D. 296–373
329 excerpts open →
Patristic
Ephrem the Syrian
c. A.D. 306–373
619 excerpts open →
Patristic
Titus of Bostra
d. c. A.D. 378
82 excerpts open →
Patristic
Basil of Caesarea
c. A.D. 330–379
669 excerpts open →
Patristic
Macrina the Younger
c. A.D. 324–379
4 excerpts open →
Patristic
Saint Cyril of Jerusalem
A.D. 313–386
Bishop of Jerusalem · Doctor of the Church
274 excerpts open →
Patristic
Gregory of Nazianzus
A.D. 329–390
224 excerpts open →
Patristic
Pseudo-Macarius
c. A.D. 300–390
7 excerpts open →
Patristic
Pacian of Barcelona
c. A.D. 310–390
42 excerpts open →
Patristic
Apollinaris of Laodicea
c. A.D. 310–390
30 excerpts open →
Patristic
Ticonius
d. A.D. 390
95 excerpts open →
Patristic
Macarius of Egypt
c. A.D. 300–391
6 excerpts open →
Patristic
Diodorus of Tarsus
c. A.D. 330–394
133 excerpts open →
Patristic
Gregory of Nyssa
c. A.D. 335–395
402 excerpts open →
Patristic
Saint Ambrose of Milan
A.D. 339–397
Bishop of Milan · Doctor of the Church
1,912 excerpts open →
Patristic
Philastrius of Brescia
c. A.D. 330–397
2 excerpts open →
Patristic
Optatus of Milevis
d. A.D. 397
1 excerpt open →
Patristic
Didymus the Blind
c. A.D. 313–398
308 excerpts open →
Patristic
Evagrius Ponticus
c. A.D. 345–399
112 excerpts open →
Patristic
Epiphanius of Salamis
c. A.D. 310–403
43 excerpts open →
Patristic
Saint John Chrysostom
A.D. 347–407
Archbishop of Constantinople · Doctor of the Church
7,113 excerpts open →
Patristic
Chromatius of Aquileia
c. A.D. 335–407
20 excerpts open →
Patristic
Gaudentius of Brescia
c. A.D. 327–410
10 excerpts open →
Patristic
Tyrannius Rufinus
c. A.D. 345–411
53 excerpts open →
Patristic
Theophilus of Alexandria
d. A.D. 412
3 excerpts open →
Patristic
Prudentius
c. A.D. 348–413
24 excerpts open →
Patristic
Nicetas of Remesiana
c. A.D. 335–414
23 excerpts open →
Patristic
Paulus Orosius
c. A.D. 385–418
7 excerpts open →
Patristic
Jerome
c. A.D. 347–420
5,301 excerpts open →
Patristic
Maximus of Turin
d. c. A.D. 420
89 excerpts open →
Patristic
Sulpicius Severus
c. A.D. 360–420
4 excerpts open →
Patristic
Pelagius
c. A.D. 354–420
467 excerpts open →
Patristic
Theodore of Mopsuestia
c. A.D. 350–428
294 excerpts open →
Patristic
Paulinus of Milan
c. A.D. 370–428
4 excerpts open →
Patristic
Saint Augustine of Hippo
A.D. 354–430
Bishop of Hippo · Doctor of the Church
6,971 excerpts open →
Patristic
Acacius of Beroea
c. A.D. 330–430
1 excerpt open →
Patristic
Nilus of Sinai
c. A.D. 365–430
9 excerpts open →
Patristic
Marcus Eremita
c. A.D. 360–430
1 excerpt open →
Patristic
Paulinus of Nola
c. A.D. 354–431
22 excerpts open →
Patristic
Palladius of Galatia
c. A.D. 363–431
5 excerpts open →
Patristic
Hesychius of Jerusalem
c. A.D. 400–433
57 excerpts open →
Patristic
John Cassian
c. A.D. 360–435
235 excerpts open →
Patristic
Possidius
c. A.D. 370–437
1 excerpt open →
Patristic
Socrates Scholasticus
c. A.D. 380–440
1 excerpt open →
Patristic
Saint Cyril of Alexandria
A.D. 376–444
Patriarch of Alexandria · Doctor of the Church
858 excerpts open →
Patristic
Vincent of Lérins
d. A.D. 445
9 excerpts open →
Patristic
Theodotus of Ancyra
d. c. A.D. 446
4 excerpts open →
Patristic
Hilary of Arles
c. A.D. 401–449
166 excerpts open →
Patristic
Eucherius of Lyon
c. A.D. 380–449
3 excerpts open →
Patristic
Isidore of Pelusium
d. c. A.D. 450
11 excerpts open →
Patristic
Peter Chrysologus
c. A.D. 380–450
64 excerpts open →
Patristic
Julian of Eclanum
c. A.D. 386–450
68 excerpts open →
Patristic
Abba Poemen
c. A.D. 340–450
5 excerpts open →
Patristic
Eznik of Kolb
c. A.D. 380–450
7 excerpts open →
Patristic
Quodvultdeus
d. A.D. 454
27 excerpts open →
Patristic
Arnobius the Younger
d. A.D. 455
73 excerpts open →
Patristic
Theodoret of Cyrus
c. A.D. 393–457
1,381 excerpts open →
Patristic
Valerian of Cimiez
d. A.D. 460
19 excerpts open →
Patristic
Syncletica of Alexandria
c. A.D. 380–460
2 excerpts open →
Patristic
Leo the Great
c. A.D. 400–461
134 excerpts open →
Patristic
Patrick of Ireland
c. A.D. 385–461
3 excerpts open →
Patristic
Prosper of Aquitaine
c. A.D. 390–463
16 excerpts open →
Patristic
Shenoute the Archimandrite
c. A.D. 348–466
5 excerpts open →
Patristic
Basil of Seleucia
c. A.D. 435–468
1 excerpt open →
Patristic
Salvian the Presbyter
c. A.D. 400–470
62 excerpts open →
Patristic
Gennadius of Constantinople
d. A.D. 471
53 excerpts open →
Patristic
Diadochos of Photiki
c. A.D. 400–474
2 excerpts open →
Patristic
Faustus of Riez
d. A.D. 495
3 excerpts open →
Patristic
Gennadius of Massilia
d. c. A.D. 496
1 excerpt open →
Patristic
Julianus Pomerius
c. A.D. 450–500
2 excerpts open →
Patristic
Magnus Felix Ennodius
c. A.D. 473–521
2 excerpts open →
Patristic
Jacob of Serugh
c. A.D. 451–521
2 excerpts open →
Patristic
Philoxenus of Mabbug
c. A.D. 450–523
346 excerpts open →
Patristic
Procopius of Gaza
c. A.D. 465–528
40 excerpts open →
Patristic
Fulgentius of Ruspe
c. A.D. 468–533
161 excerpts open →
Patristic
Eugippius
c. A.D. 460–533
2 excerpts open →
Patristic
Remigius of Rheims
c. A.D. 437–533
1 excerpt open →
Patristic
Severus of Antioch
c. A.D. 456–538
26 excerpts open →
Patristic
Venerable Barsanuphius and John the Prophet
d. A.D. 540
6 excerpts open →
Patristic
Caesarius of Arles
c. A.D. 470–542
427 excerpts open →
Patristic
Arator
d. A.D. 543
45 excerpts open →
Patristic
Benedict of Nursia
c. A.D. 480–547
8 excerpts open →
Patristic
Verecundus of Junca
d. A.D. 552
9 excerpts open →
Patristic
Primasius of Hadrumetum
d. A.D. 553
175 excerpts open →
Patristic
Romanos the Melodist
c. A.D. 490–556
3 excerpts open →
Patristic
Dorotheos of Gaza
c. A.D. 510–565
5 excerpts open →
Patristic
Facundus of Hermiane
d. A.D. 570
1 excerpt open →
Patristic
Martin of Braga
c. A.D. 515–580
12 excerpts open →
Patristic
Cassiodorus
c. A.D. 487–583
453 excerpts open →
Patristic
Leander of Seville
c. A.D. 534–600
18 excerpts open →
Patristic
Gregory the Great
c. A.D. 540–604
2,790 excerpts open →
Patristic
Paterius
d. A.D. 606
21 excerpts open →
Patristic
Isidore of Seville
c. A.D. 560–636
24 excerpts open →
Patristic
Andreas of Caesarea
c. A.D. 563–637
424 excerpts open →
Patristic
Sophronius of Jerusalem
c. A.D. 560–638
1 excerpt open →
Patristic
Sahdona the Syrian
d. A.D. 650
17 excerpts open →
Patristic
Braulio of Zaragoza
c. A.D. 590–651
11 excerpts open →
Patristic
Maximus the Confessor
c. A.D. 579–662
6 excerpts open →
Patristic
Fructuosus of Braga
d. A.D. 665
7 excerpts open →
Patristic
Ildefonsus of Toledo
c. A.D. 607–667
1 excerpt open →
Patristic
Julian of Toledo
c. A.D. 642–690
2 excerpts open →
Patristic
Isaac of Nineveh
c. A.D. 640–700
61 excerpts open →
Patristic
Anastasius of Sinai
c. A.D. 630–701
4 excerpts open →
Patristic
Adamnán of Iona
c. A.D. 624–704
1 excerpt open →
Patristic
Saint Bede the Venerable
A.D. 673–735
Monk of Jarrow · Doctor of the Church
4,086 excerpts open →
Patristic
Bede the Venerable
c. A.D. 672–735
1,263 excerpts open →
Patristic
Andrew of Crete
c. A.D. 660–740
2 excerpts open →
Patristic
Saint John of Damascus
A.D. 676–749
Monk of Mar Saba · Doctor of the Church
192 excerpts open →
Patristic
John of Dalyatha
d. A.D. 780
1 excerpt open →
Medieval
Alcuin of York
c. A.D. 735–804
374 excerpts open →
Medieval
Walafrid Strabo
c. A.D. 808–849
1 excerpt open →
Medieval
Ishodad of Merv
d. A.D. 850
173 excerpts open →
Medieval
Haymo of Halberstadt
d. A.D. 853
10 excerpts open →
Medieval
Rabanus Maurus
c. A.D. 780–856
985 excerpts open →
Medieval
Paschasius Radbertus
c. A.D. 785–865
1 excerpt open →
Medieval
Berengaudus
c. A.D. 840–892
1 excerpt open →
Medieval
Photios I of Constantinople
c. A.D. 827–896
42 excerpts open →
Medieval
Remigius of Auxerre
c. A.D. 841–908
389 excerpts open →
Medieval
Arethas of Caesarea
c. A.D. 860–935
1 excerpt open →
Medieval
Symeon the New Theologian
c. A.D. 949–1022
43 excerpts open →
Medieval
Lanfranc of Canterbury
c. A.D. 1005–1089
1 excerpt open →
Jewish
Rashi
1040–1105
3,771 excerpts open →
Orthodox
Theophylact of Ohrid
c. 1055–1107
Archbishop of Ohrid
4,272 excerpts open →
Medieval
Anselm of Canterbury
A.D. 1033–1109
1 excerpt open →
Medieval
Anselm of Laon
c. A.D. 1050–1117
2 excerpts open →
Catholic
Saint William of Vercelli
1085–1142
Hermit · Founder of Montevergine
no writings hosted open →
Medieval
Bernard of Clairvaux
c. A.D. 1090–1153
245 excerpts open →
Jewish
Ibn Ezra
1089–1167
1,341 excerpts open →
Medieval
Jacob Bar-Salibi
d. A.D. 1171
5 excerpts open →
Medieval
Richard of Saint Victor
c. A.D. 1110–1173
1 excerpt open →
Medieval
Nerses of Lambron
c. A.D. 1153–1198
10 excerpts open →
Jewish
Radak
c. 1160–1235
284 excerpts open →
Medieval
Hugh of Saint-Cher
c. A.D. 1200–1263
6 excerpts open →
Jewish
Ramban
1194–1270
554 excerpts open →
Catholic
Saint Thomas Aquinas
1225–1274
Dominican · Doctor of the Church
5,450 excerpts open →
Medieval
Bonaventure
c. A.D. 1221–1274
2,433 excerpts open →
Medieval
Nicholas of Gorran
c. A.D. 1232–1295
3 excerpts open →
Medieval
Peter Olivi
c. A.D. 1248–1298
1 excerpt open →
Medieval
Nicholas of Lyra
c. A.D. 1270–1349
40 excerpts open →
Reformed
Huldrych Zwingli
1484–1531
Reformer of Zurich
1 excerpt open →
Erasmus of Rotterdam
c. A.D. 1466–1536
19 excerpts open →
Lutheran
Martin Luther
1483–1546
Reformer
3 excerpts open →
Jewish
Sforno
c. 1475–1550
102 excerpts open →
Catholic
Council of Trent
1545–1563
Ecumenical Council
1 excerpt open →
Reformed
John Calvin
1509–1564
Reformer of Geneva
2 excerpts open →
Catholic
Saint Aloysius Gonzaga
1568–1591
Jesuit scholastic · Patron of youth
no writings hosted open →
John of the Cross
c. A.D. 1542–1591
2 excerpts open →
John Wesley
c. A.D. 1703–1791
1 excerpt open →
Catholic
Dom Prosper Guéranger
1805–1875
Abbot of Solesmes
2 excerpts open →
JB Lightfoot
c. A.D. 1828–1889
1 excerpt open →